{"id":70836,"date":"2022-05-31T11:18:23","date_gmt":"2022-05-31T15:18:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/?p=70836"},"modified":"2026-09-28T16:44:23","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T20:44:23","slug":"bioimpressao-4d-utiliza-biomateriais-em-constante-evolucao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/artigos-rheolution\/bioimpressao-4d-utiliza-biomateriais-em-constante-evolucao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 Bioprinting 4D e sua import\u00e2ncia na Biomedicina"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"70836\" class=\"elementor elementor-70836 elementor-20940\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-118fb24 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"118fb24\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff031a3\" data-id=\"ff031a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14b22cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14b22cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Artigo da Rheolution<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef8c7d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ef8c7d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">O que \u00e9 Bioprinting 4D e sua import\u00e2ncia na Biomedicina<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce354fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce354fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"raw_components--panel--3IcXg inspect_panels--inspectionPanel--3Wboz\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"inspect_panels--copyableRow--2_PiZ inspect_panels--highlightRow--21P9S\">\n<div class=\"inspect_panels--propertyRowContent--7Y-mu inspect_panels--copyableRow--2_PiZ inspect_panels--highlightRow--21P9S\">\n<div class=\"inspect_panels--contentProperty--2Z1QI text--fontPos11--RSei3 text--_fontBase--YWDo0 ellipsis--ellipsisAfter8Lines--2rn32 ellipsis--_ellipsisAfterNLines--26JkZ\">\n<p>por <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/antoine-frayssinet-986030151\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Antoine Frayssinet<\/a>,<br \/>especialista s\u00eanior em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es da Rheolution Inc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6664b86 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6664b86\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3b4dd30\" data-id=\"3b4dd30\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-355c538 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"355c538\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"341\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?fit=1024%2C341&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-70838\" alt=\"4D bioprinting picture illustrating its impact in life sciences\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?w=1800&amp;ssl=1 1800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?resize=300%2C100&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?resize=1024%2C341&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?resize=768%2C256&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?resize=1536%2C512&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?resize=1200%2C400&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?resize=260%2C87&amp;ssl=1 260w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?resize=50%2C17&amp;ssl=1 50w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?resize=150%2C50&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width:767px) 700px, (max-width:1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-attachment-id=\"70838\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/artigos-rheolution\/bioimpressao-4d-utiliza-biomateriais-em-constante-evolucao\/attachment\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2-4\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?fit=1800%2C600&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1800,600\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"4D bioprinting picture\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/rheolution_article_4d_bioprinting_may_2022_v2.jpg?fit=1024%2C341&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd28cb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cd28cb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">O que diferencia a bioimpress\u00e3o 4D da impress\u00e3o 3D?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68f8830 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68f8830\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Objetos impressos em 3D com c\u00e9lulas incorporadas, destinados ao implante no corpo humano, s\u00e3o projetados para aliviar pontualmente uma degenera\u00e7\u00e3o ou doen\u00e7a espec\u00edfica. No entanto, esses implantes s\u00e3o est\u00e1ticos e inanimados, em contraste com o ambiente dos tecidos nativos, que \u00e9 din\u00e2mico, onde os tecidos s\u00e3o submetidos, ao longo do tempo, a est\u00edmulos biof\u00edsicos, bioqu\u00edmicos e mec\u00e2nicos vari\u00e1veis. Com a bioimpress\u00e3o 4D, a comunidade cient\u00edfica integrou recentemente o \u201ctempo\u201d como a quarta dimens\u00e3o: os arcabou\u00e7os e hidrog\u00e9is t\u00eam a capacidade de evoluir ao longo do tempo ap\u00f3s serem impressos, seja biologicamente, seja com a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de um est\u00edmulo externo.  <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32ae1f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"32ae1f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Como os est\u00edmulos provocam mudan\u00e7as de forma em biomateriais 4D?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fba83c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3fba83c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Em primeiro lugar, a mudan\u00e7a de forma p\u00f3s-impress\u00e3o pode ser induzida submetendo-se o hidrogel a est\u00edmulos f\u00edsicos, como, por exemplo, um campo magn\u00e9tico, uma varia\u00e7\u00e3o de temperatura (por exemplo, com poli(N-isopropilacrilamida) (PNIPAAm) ou poli(\u03b5-caprolactona) (PCL)), irradia\u00e7\u00e3o de luz ou umidade (por exemplo, com polietilenoglicol (PEG) de dupla camada). A publica\u00e7\u00e3o da semana passada, <a href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/2022\/05\/19\/a-morphodynamic-biocompatible-hydrogel-for-complex-and-evolutive-tissue-engineering\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cArtigo do M\u00eas\u201d<\/a> sobre bioimpress\u00e3o 4D, apresentou um exemplo concreto de um hidrogel \u00e0 base de alginato, sens\u00edvel \u00e0 luz e capaz de se dobrar em formas complexas, dependendo da exposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 luz induzida ap\u00f3s a impress\u00e3o. A complexidade das formas projetadas pode ser bastante impressionante; por exemplo, a equipe do Dr. Lewis utilizou fibrilas de celulose misturadas com acrilamida para reproduzir o desenho de uma flor de orqu\u00eddea com tinta composta biocompat\u00edvel (Figura abaixo) [3]. Esses hidrog\u00e9is extrudados em massa podem, portanto, mudar de forma ap\u00f3s serem impressos. O efeito desejado ap\u00f3s a impress\u00e3o, no entanto, pode ser diferente.    <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9857ef8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9857ef8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Como a bioimpress\u00e3o 4D pode possibilitar a libera\u00e7\u00e3o controlada de medicamentos?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fbd933 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4fbd933\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A forma pode ser projetada durante o processo de impress\u00e3o por meio de uma abordagem multiescala \u2014 por exemplo, com bioimpress\u00e3o a jato de tinta \u2014, e a libera\u00e7\u00e3o dos f\u00e1rmacos encapsulados pode ser acionada posteriormente. Os lipossomas \u2014 microesferas lip\u00eddicas de dupla camada que imitam sinteticamente as membranas celulares \u2014 foram, por exemplo, impressos contendo duas concentra\u00e7\u00f5es diferentes de sal. Aproveitando esse gradiente de osmolaridade induzido, os autores conseguiram moldar macrossferas 3D que, mediante altera\u00e7\u00e3o de temperatura ou pH, liberavam os componentes carregados no interior de cada microesfera impressa [4].  <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77998d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"77998d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">O que s\u00e3o micronadadores e como funcionam?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68ff7ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68ff7ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Outro grupo da ETH Z\u00fcrich desenvolveu nano-hidrog\u00e9is com gelatina metacrilada (GelMA) fotocrosslink\u00e1vel e n\u00e3o citot\u00f3xica. Desenvolvidos especificamente para a administra\u00e7\u00e3o direcionada de medicamentos, esses nano-hidrog\u00e9is, tamb\u00e9m chamados de \u201cmicronadadores\u201d, tornaram-se magneticamente responsivos por meio da incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o de nanopart\u00edculas magn\u00e9ticas em sua superf\u00edcie [5]. Impressos com formato de h\u00e9lice para otimizar seu desempenho de nata\u00e7\u00e3o em fluidos corporais, esses microswimmers s\u00e3o transportadores est\u00e1veis de medicamentos que podem ser direcionados por campos magn\u00e9ticos aos tecidos-alvo. Uma vez posicionados, eles podem liberar o f\u00e1rmaco com o qual foram carregados e, em seguida, ser rapidamente (5 a 15 minutos) degradados pela colagenase (enzima que digere col\u00e1geno e gelatina), gerando res\u00edduos de degrada\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o citot\u00f3xicos. Nesse caso, a quarta dimens\u00e3o se expressa como a degrada\u00e7\u00e3o enzim\u00e1tica do gel em um curto per\u00edodo de tempo.    <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6959667 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6959667\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Como os gatilhos biol\u00f3gicos influenciam os biomateriais 4D?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-452dbe0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"452dbe0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">De fato, sinais biol\u00f3gicos, como a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de glicose ou enzimas espec\u00edficas, podem exercer influ\u00eancia sobre os hidrog\u00e9is impressos. Um estudo conjunto entre a Universidade da Carolina do Norte, nos EUA, e a Universidade de Soochow, na China, divulgado em 2018, relatou um biomaterial \u00e0 base de \u00e1lcool polivin\u00edlico (PVA) sens\u00edvel \u00e0s esp\u00e9cies reativas de oxig\u00eanio (ROS), produzidas biologicamente nos microambientes tumorais. Com essa biodegrada\u00e7\u00e3o projetada, o hidrogel \u00e0 base de PVA foi capaz de potencializar a resposta antitumoral in vivo e prevenir a recorr\u00eancia do tumor por meio da libera\u00e7\u00e3o local do f\u00e1rmaco antitumoral, antes de ser degradado ap\u00f3s 3 semanas [6]. Seguindo o mesmo princ\u00edpio, biomateriais sens\u00edveis ao pH, como col\u00e1geno, gelatina e queratina, poderiam ser \u00fateis pr\u00f3ximo a locais de inflama\u00e7\u00e3o, onde os valores de pH caem.   <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4865f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4865f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Como as c\u00e9lulas promovem a matura\u00e7\u00e3o 4D dos hidrog\u00e9is?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b4b26b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b4b26b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A funcionalidade dos hidrog\u00e9is regenerativos tamb\u00e9m pode ser desenvolvida progressivamente com o amadurecimento da pr\u00f3pria estrutura de suporte, na qual as c\u00e9lulas semeadas, respondendo ao seu ambiente, funcionar\u00e3o como uma microf\u00e1brica para produzir suas pr\u00f3prias matrizes e perfis fenot\u00edpicos, adaptados ao tecido degenerado alvo (ver Figura acima). A natureza dessa microprodu\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser ajustada por meio de fatores de crescimento, fatores de diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o (no caso de c\u00e9lulas-tronco semeadas) ou, por exemplo, pelas propriedades mec\u00e2nicas do implante [7]. Levar em conta essa atividade celular ao desenvolver um biomaterial para uso cl\u00ednico n\u00e3o se op\u00f5e \u00e0 pr\u00f3pria estimula\u00e7\u00e3o do biomaterial ap\u00f3s a impress\u00e3o. Seguindo uma t\u00e9cnica de origami, Kuribayashi-Shigetomi et al. conseguiram aproveitar a for\u00e7a de tra\u00e7\u00e3o celular dos fibroblastos (c\u00e9lulas comuns fusiformes) para gerar microestruturas 3D complexas, como um cubo, uma esfera ou um tubo oco. Nesse caso, as c\u00e9lulas foram semeadas em microplacas de vidro parcialmente revestidas com fibronectina. A quarta dimens\u00e3o foi introduzida por meio da capacidade dessas c\u00e9lulas de exercer tra\u00e7\u00e3o sobre seu ambiente ao longo do tempo, utilizada para projetar arcabou\u00e7os 3D [8].     <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a089be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6a089be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es na vida real: stents e curativos inteligentes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfb1f1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bfb1f1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nos \u00faltimos anos, biomateriais impressos em 4D foram estudados para o desenvolvimento de stents \u2014 estruturas ocas colocadas, por exemplo, em uma art\u00e9ria ou veia, para refor\u00e7ar sua estrutura. O m\u00e9dico pode inserir facilmente o stent enrolado no tecido humano e, em seguida, por meio de um est\u00edmulo espec\u00edfico, expandi-lo para que ele sustente o vaso sangu\u00edneo de forma eficiente. Projetos bem-sucedidos foram produzidos com um biomaterial \u00e0 base de PEG metacrilado, alginato ou \u00e1cido hialur\u00f4nico [9][10]. Para encerrar esta breve revis\u00e3o com uma \u00faltima aplica\u00e7\u00e3o, um curativo inteligente tamb\u00e9m foi desenvolvido pela equipe do Dr. Akbari no Canad\u00e1: o curativo detecta infec\u00e7\u00f5es bacterianas monitorando o valor do pH (com um display externo de cores espec\u00edficas, marcadores visuais que variam de acordo com o pH medido). Assim que a infec\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 detectada, o hidrogel impresso libera agentes antibi\u00f3ticos no local da ferida para combater a infec\u00e7\u00e3o [11].    <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ac5b262 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ac5b262\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bf53c54\" data-id=\"bf53c54\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c70a458 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c70a458\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">O que vem por a\u00ed para a bioimpress\u00e3o 4D nas ci\u00eancias da vida?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-762f72c elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"762f72c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: &apos;Red Hat Text&apos;, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400\">Com diversas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, a bioimpress\u00e3o 4D \u00e9 uma tecnologia muito promissora para a \u00e1rea biom\u00e9dica. Ainda existem desafios a serem superados, como o controle do alinhamento celular para permitir uma imita\u00e7\u00e3o mais fiel dos tecidos nativos. Um exemplo desse alinhamento celular microanisotr\u00f3pico foi relatado no estudo apresentado em nosso    <\/span><a style=\"font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-size: 16px;font-family: &apos;Red Hat Text&apos;, sans-serif\" href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/2022\/03\/31\/an-anisotropic-composite-bioink-for-cartilage-tissue-engineering\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Artigo do M\u00eas<\/a><span style=\"font-family: &apos;Red Hat Text&apos;, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400\">  publicado em mar\u00e7o. Outro desafio significativo \u00e9 desenvolver bio-tintas com caracter\u00edsticas adequadas ao tecido degenerado em quest\u00e3o, em termos de propriedades mec\u00e2nicas, popula\u00e7\u00e3o celular e fen\u00f3tipo, bem como natureza e complexidade da matriz extracelular. De modo geral, utilizando os diferentes processos de bioimpress\u00e3o 3D apresentados em nosso \u00faltimo    <\/span><a style=\"font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;font-size: 16px;font-family: &apos;Red Hat Text&apos;, sans-serif\" href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/2022\/04\/21\/3d-bioprinting-a-promising-technology-for-tissue-engineering-and-regenerative-medicine\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Artigo da Rheolution<\/a><span style=\"font-family: &apos;Red Hat Text&apos;, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400\"> Em abril, a bioimpress\u00e3o 4D avan\u00e7a de forma otimista, passando dos estudos de \u201cprova de conceito\u201d para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es cl\u00ednicas.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9d3677e elementor-section-full_width elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9d3677e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-042d8d9\" data-id=\"042d8d9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75bdd9d elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-cta--valign-middle elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"75bdd9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-1.png?fit=1200%2C1200&#038;ssl=1);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Instrument for mechanical testing of hydrogels and biomaterials.\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tElastoSens\u2122 Bio\t\t\t\t\t<\/h6>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDescubra como nossa tecnologia mede, de forma n\u00e3o destrutiva, as propriedades viscoel\u00e1sticas de biomateriais e tecidos moles utilizando microvolumes de amostras\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/produtos\/elastosens-bio\/instrumento\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSaiba mais\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-098c4c5 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"098c4c5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d9c140d\" data-id=\"d9c140d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27931fe elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-cta--mobile-layout-image-above elementor-cta--valign-middle elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"27931fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-1.png?fit=1200%2C1200&#038;ssl=1);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Instrument for mechanical testing of hydrogels and biomaterials.\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tElastoSens\u2122 Bio\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDescubra como nossa tecnologia mede, de forma n\u00e3o destrutiva, as propriedades viscoel\u00e1sticas de biomateriais e tecidos moles utilizando microvolumes de amostras\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\" href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/produtos\/elastosens-bio\/instrumento\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSaiba mais\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f75e0cb elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f75e0cb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3762850\" data-id=\"3762850\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d7b0c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d7b0c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Refer\u00eancias<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59dbf29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59dbf29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>[1] Gao, B., Yang, Q., Zhao, X., Jin, G., Ma, Y., Xu, F., (2016). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0167779916000664\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4D Bioprinting for Biomedical Applications<\/a>. Trends Biotechnology, Special Issue: Biofabrication, 34, 746\u2013756. <\/p><p>[2] Yang, Q., Gao, B., Xu, F., (2020). <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/biot.201900086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Recent Advances in 4D Bioprinting<\/a>. Biotechnology Journal, 15, 1900086.<\/p><p>[3] Sydney Gladman, A., Matsumoto, E.A., Nuzzo, R.G., Mahadevan, L., Lewis, J.A., (2016). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nmat4544\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Biomimetic 4D printing<\/a>. Nature Materials, 15, 413\u2013418. <\/p><p>[4] Villar, G., Graham, A.D., Bayley, H., (2013). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1229495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Tissue-Like Printed Material<\/a>. Science, 340, 48\u201352. <\/p><p>[5] Wang, X., Qin, X.-H., Hu, C., Terzopoulou, A., Chen, X.-Z., Huang, T.-Y., Maniura-Weber, K., Pan\u00e9, S., Nelson, B.J., (2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/adfm.201804107\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3D Printed Enzymatically Biodegradable Soft Helical Microswimmers<\/a>. Advanced Functional Materials, 28, 1804107.<\/p><p>[6] Wang, C., Wang, J., Zhang, X., Yu, S., Wen, D., Hu, Q., Ye, Y., Bomba, H., Hu, X., Liu, Z., Dotti, G., Gu, Z., (2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29467299\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In situ formed reactive oxygen species-responsive scaffold with gemcitabine and checkpoint inhibitor for combination therapy<\/a>. Science Translational Medicine, 10(429), eaan3682. <\/p><p>[7] Engler, A.J., Sen, S., Sweeney, H.L., Discher, D.E., (2006). <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16923388\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Matrix Elasticity Directs Stem Cell Lineage Specification<\/a>. Cell, 126, 677\u2013689. <\/p><p>[8] Kuribayashi-Shigetomi, K., Onoe, H., Takeuchi, S., (2012). <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0051085\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cell Origami: Self-Folding of Three-Dimensional Cell-Laden Microstructures Driven by Cell Traction Force<\/a>. PLOS ONE, 7, e51085. <\/p><p>[9] Ge, Q., Sakhaei, A.H., Lee, H., Dunn, C.K., Fang, N.X., Dunn, M.L., (2016). <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27499417\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Multimaterial 4D Printing with Tailorable Shape Memory Polymers<\/a>. Scientific Reports, 6, 31110. <\/p><p>[10] Kirillova, A., Maxson, R., Stoychev, G., Gomillion, C.T., Ionov, L., (2017). <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29024044\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4D Biofabrication Using Shape-Morphing Hydrogels<\/a>. Advanced Materials, 29(46). <\/p><p>[11] Mirani, B., Pagan, E., Currie, B., Siddiqui, M.A., Hosseinzadeh, R., Mostafalu, P., Zhang, Y.S., Ghahary, A., Akbari, M., (2017). <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28944601\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An Advanced Multifunctional Hydrogel-Based Dressing for Wound Monitoring and Drug Delivery<\/a>. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 6(19). <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fdcc39b elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fdcc39b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-641f930\" data-id=\"641f930\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf93633 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"bf93633\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/contato\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Entre em contato conosco para saber mais<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-904ec13 elementor-section-stretched animated-slow elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"904ec13\" 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funciona?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-content-wrapper \">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-inner-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"premium-blog-entry-title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/artigos-rheolution\/o-potencial-do-fresh-na-bioimpressao\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\tO que \u00e9 bioimpress\u00e3o FRESH e como funciona?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-content-inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t<p class=\"premium-blog-post-content\">J\u00e1 imaginou aqueles tanques de cura de fic\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica? O princ\u00edpio da flutuabilidade neutra por tr\u00e1s deles inspirou uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00fanica para a impress\u00e3o 3D com tintas macias, semelhantes a l\u00edquidos. A t\u00e9cnica de bioimpress\u00e3o Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) foi desenvolvida para viabilizar a impress\u00e3o desses materiais complexos, ideais para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es em engenharia de tecidos. O segredo est\u00e1 em um banho de suporte habilmente projetado, capaz de sustentar as estruturas macias enquanto permite o movimento da agulha da extrusora. Com versatilidade, alta viabilidade celular e potencial para a impress\u00e3o de grandes estruturas, a FRESH abre um mundo de possibilidades, aproximando-nos ainda mais da bioimpress\u00e3o 3D de tecidos espec\u00edficos para cada paciente com base em dados anat\u00f4micos.<\/p><div class=\"premium-blog-excerpt-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/artigos-rheolution\/o-potencial-do-fresh-na-bioimpressao\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"premium-blog-excerpt-link elementor-button\">Leia Mais \u00bb<\/a><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-post-outer-container\" data-total=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-post-container premium-blog-skin-classic\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-thumb-effect-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-thumbnail-container premium-blog-zoomin-effect\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?fit=1200%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-65841\" alt=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"65841\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/artigos-rheolution\/metodos-para-imprimir-em-3d-estruturas-de-suporte-a-base-de-alginato\/attachment\/webanner-5\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?fit=1200%2C450&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,450\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"webanner\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?fit=1024%2C384&amp;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?resize=300%2C113&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?resize=1024%2C384&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?resize=768%2C288&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?resize=260%2C98&amp;ssl=1 260w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?resize=50%2C19&amp;ssl=1 50w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rheolution.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/webanner.jpg?resize=150%2C56&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width:767px) 700px, (max-width:1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-thumbnail-overlay\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/artigos-rheolution\/metodos-para-imprimir-em-3d-estruturas-de-suporte-a-base-de-alginato\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">M\u00e9todos para impress\u00e3o 3D de arcabou\u00e7os \u00e0 base de alginato<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-content-wrapper \">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-inner-container\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"premium-blog-entry-title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/artigos-rheolution\/metodos-para-imprimir-em-3d-estruturas-de-suporte-a-base-de-alginato\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\tM\u00e9todos para impress\u00e3o 3D de arcabou\u00e7os \u00e0 base de alginato\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"premium-blog-content-inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t<p class=\"premium-blog-post-content\">Em janeiro de 2022, estudamos os hidrog\u00e9is de alginato na engenharia de tecidos e na administra\u00e7\u00e3o de f\u00e1rmacos. O alginato, frequentemente utilizado como bio-tinta na bioimpress\u00e3o 3D, forma hidrog\u00e9is com propriedades ajust\u00e1veis. Analisamos os efeitos da varia\u00e7\u00e3o da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de CaCl\u2082 na reticula\u00e7\u00e3o do alginato, processo crucial para a impress\u00e3o 3D. Devido \u00e0 baixa viscosidade do alginato, os m\u00e9todos de impress\u00e3o incluem a pr\u00e9-reticula\u00e7\u00e3o com CaCl\u2082, o uso de uma agulha coaxial para reticula\u00e7\u00e3o imediata ou a mistura do alginato com outros biomateriais para melhorar a imprimibilidade.<\/p><div class=\"premium-blog-excerpt-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rheolution.com\/pt\/artigos-rheolution\/metodos-para-imprimir-em-3d-estruturas-de-suporte-a-base-de-alginato\/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"premium-blog-excerpt-link elementor-button\">Leia Mais \u00bb<\/a><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A bioimpress\u00e3o 4D introduz o \u201ctempo\u201d como a quarta dimens\u00e3o, permitindo que os objetos impressos sofram altera\u00e7\u00f5es ao longo do tempo. Est\u00edmulos f\u00edsicos, como luz, temperatura ou magnetismo, podem induzir essas transforma\u00e7\u00f5es. O processo de bioimpress\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m pode permitir a libera\u00e7\u00e3o direcionada de medicamentos por meio de mudan\u00e7as na temperatura ou no pH. Os nano-hidrog\u00e9is podem servir como transportadores de medicamentos, direcionados por campos magn\u00e9ticos, e podem ser rapidamente degradados por enzimas. Al\u00e9m disso, os hidrog\u00e9is podem reagir a sinais biol\u00f3gicos, auxiliando no tratamento de tumores ao liberar medicamentos e, posteriormente, se biodegradarem com o tempo.   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":195401338,"featured_media":70837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[309],"tags":[98,91,124,105],"class_list":["post-70836","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artigos-rheolution","tag-3d-bioprinting","tag-hydrogels","tag-life-sciences","tag-tissue-engineering"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 Bioimpress\u00e3o 4D e por que ela \u00e9 importante na biomedicina<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Saiba como a bioimpress\u00e3o 4D transforma a engenharia de tecidos com materiais inteligentes e responsivos. 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